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A capillary puncture is preferred over venipuncture primarily when drawing blood from infants or when veins are inaccessible. This method is less invasive and minimizes discomfort, making it a more suitable option for newborns and small children whose veins may be too small or fragile for traditional venipuncture. Additionally, when patients exhibit challenging vascular access due to dehydration, obesity, or other medical conditions, capillary puncture can provide a more reliable method for obtaining blood samples without the need for prolonged searching for a vein.

In situations requiring larger volumes of blood, venipuncture is more efficient and effective due to the greater blood yield from veins compared to capillaries. When performing blood transfusions, venipuncture is essential, as it allows for the administration of larger volumes quickly and safely. Similarly, when using a blood gas analyzer, which often requires specialized sample types and volumes, venipuncture is typically indicated to ensure accurate results.