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Protected Health Information (PHI) refers to any information about a person's health status, provision of healthcare, or payment for healthcare that can be linked to a specific individual. This information is considered sensitive and is protected under various laws, including the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). Understanding PHI is essential for professionals in the healthcare field, as they must ensure the confidentiality and security of patients' health information.

The other options relate to health law and quality management but do not specifically define PHI. While the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act includes provisions for the protection of PHI, the term itself specifically pertains to the information being protected. Quality Assurance (QA) refers to processes aimed at ensuring the quality of services in healthcare, and "tort" refers to a wrongful act leading to legal liability. None of these terms encompass the definition of Protected Health Information.